1. C Rationale: The definition clearly distinguishes an indirect tax (eg sales tax) from a direct tax,which is paid direct by a person to the Revenue authority (eg income tax, corporation tax, capital gains tax and inheritance tax). Option A refers to the proportion of income taken by a tax.
2.C Rationale: Increasing taxation lowers demand in the economy because people have less of their own money after tax for consumption or saving/investment. Increasing public expenditure should increase the level of consumer demand. Decreasing taxation has the opposite effect.
Lowering interest rates should stimulate investment (by companies) and consumer expenditure, even if only after a time lag.
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